Prosthetic Technology

Modern prosthetic devices have come a long way, thanks to significant advancements in materials, design, and technology. From cosmetic solutions to highly functional devices, today's prosthetics aim to restore not only appearance but also mobility, dexterity, and independence.

At PrimeCare, we’re proud to offer cutting-edge solutions from industry leaders like Ossur, Ottobock, and more. In this guide, our professionals will delve into the different types of prosthetics, breaking them down by the technology used and the location of the amputation. Our goal is to empower you with knowledge to help you live confidently.

Passive Prosthetics

Passive prosthetics are designed primarily for cosmetic purposes. These devices are lightweight, simple in design, and non-functional, meaning they don’t offer mechanical movement or motorized control. While they don't provide active mobility, they can help restore the appearance and symmetry of the missing limb. Below are some examples of passive prosthetics.

Upper Limb Prosthetics

• ‍Below Elbow (BE): For individuals with a below-elbow amputation or upper limb loss, passive prosthetics primarily restore the appearance of the arm and hand. These devices are often molded to resemble a natural hand, wrist, and forearm. While they don't offer any functional movement, they help wearers feel more comfortable, especially in social situations. Many models even use flexible materials to mimic the look of skin and joints to provide a more natural appearance. ‍
• Above Elbow (AE): Above-elbow passive prosthetics are similar in design to below-elbow devices but are more complex because they include the elbow joint. These prosthetics are typically lightweight and can be made from durable, flexible materials that closely resemble the upper arm, elbow, and hand. While AE passive prosthetics don't offer active movement, they can provide the user with a more natural look and balance on the body.

Lower Limb Prosthetics

• ‍Below Knee (BK): For those who have lost their leg, below-knee passive prosthetics are a cosmetic solution. These devices focus on restoring the limb’s natural appearance from the knee down, including the foot and ankle. The prosthetic offers stability and symmetry, especially for those who still have some ability to move the remaining limb.‍
• Above Knee (AK): Above-knee passive prosthetics are primarily designed for cosmetic restoration as they recreate the look of the leg from the thigh to the foot but don't offer any functional movement. They’re ideal for those who don’t need active mobility or to maintain symmetry in their appearance.

Myoelectric Prosthetics

A myoelectric prosthesis uses electrical signals generated by muscle contractions in the residual limb to operate movement. These prosthetics offer a high degree of functionality and more intuitive control. We recommend them for individuals who need to perform a wide range of tasks that require hand or arm dexterity. Myoelectric prosthetics are also ideal for more complex movements like grasping, lifting, and fine motor control.

Upper Limb Prosthetics

• ‍Below Elbow (BE): Myoelectric below-elbow prosthetics are designed to provide users with the ability to control hand and wrist movements. Using electrodes placed on the skin or within the prosthetic socket, these sensors detect muscle signals in the residual limb and translate them into precise movements. For example, they can be used to open and close the prosthetic hand, rotate the wrist, and sometimes even perform more complex functions such as gripping or holding objects.‍
• Above Elbow (AE): For above-elbow amputations, myoelectric prosthetics are typically more complex and sophisticated as they offer greater functionality. These prosthetics include control for both the elbow and hand so the user can perform movements such as lifting, holding, and manipulating objects. The sensor technology can detect subtle muscle signals and provide control over finer tasks like typing or using tools. Some models even include advanced features like wrist rotation or powered fingers for a more natural grip.

Lower Limb Prosthetics

• ‍Below Knee (BK): Myoelectric prosthetics for below-knee amputations can include powered ankle and foot systems that help with walking. These devices adapt to different walking speeds and terrain to provide a smoother and more comfortable gait. Myoelectric sensors can detect changes in walking patterns so the foot can adjust dynamically for slopes, stairs, and uneven ground.‍
• Above Knee (AK): Myoelectric above-knee prosthetics offer impressive technology and they have some of the most advanced available, integrating sophisticated sensors to control both the knee and foot. These devices can mimic natural leg movements, adjusting to changes in walking speed or terrain. They also have features such as locking mechanisms for standing or sitting. Users with powered knees often report fluid movement as they can walk, sit, and stand with ease.

Body-Powered Prosthetics

Body-powered prostheses use a mechanical system of cables, pulleys, and harnesses to control the device’s movement. These devices are typically simpler and more affordable than their myoelectric counterparts, though they may not offer the same level of dexterity or fine motor control. Many individuals prefer body-powered prosthetics for their durability, reliability, and low maintenance. We’ve outlined some examples of body-powered prosthetics below.

Upper Limb Prosthetics

• ‍Below Elbow (BE): For below-elbow amputations, body-powered prosthetics utilize a harness system that connects the user’s shoulder, chest, or opposite arm to the prosthetic hand or wrist. Movements such as shoulder flexion or scapula motion trigger the device so the user can open and close the prosthetic hand or control the wrist. Active users prefer these prosthetics as they are highly durable and offer a functional but low-maintenance solution.‍
• Above Elbow (AE): Body-powered above-elbow prosthetics are more complex because they must control both the elbow and hand. These devices use a similar cable and harness system, where movements in the shoulder and chest activate the elbow and hand. Although they aren’t as flexible as myoelectric devices, they offer increased strength and reliability, especially in rugged environments where durability is key.

Lower Limb Prosthetics

• ‍Below Knee (BK): Below-knee body-powered prosthetics typically involve a mechanical foot and ankle system, where the user’s movement of the residual limb or opposite leg powers the device. These prosthetics are useful for individuals who need a durable and cost-effective solution for walking and participating in physical activities. Though they don’t offer the fine motor control of myoelectric devices, they are reliable and functional for everyday use.‍
• Above Knee (AK): Above-knee body-powered prosthetics utilize a combination of cables and harnesses to control both the knee and foot. The user’s body movements help lock and unlock the knee while controlling the foot's position for walking. These prosthetics are often more affordable and less complex than myoelectric or microprocessor-controlled devices, so they’re a solid choice for active individuals who need something durable and functional.

Microprocessor-Controlled Prosthetics

Microprocessor-controlled prostheses represent an advanced prosthesis technology as they offer some of the most sophisticated and functional options available today. These devices use embedded computers to monitor and adjust the prosthetic’s movement in real time, offering superior control and stability. Below are some examples of microprocessor-controlled prosthetics.

Upper Limb Prosthetics

Microprocessor-controlled upper limb prosthetics, whether for below-elbow or above-elbow amputations, allow for advanced, dynamic movements. These devices can adjust the resistance in the elbow, wrist, or hand, depending on the task. For example, users can lock the elbow while walking for stability and unlock it when sitting to mimic natural movements more closely than ever before.

Lower Limb Prosthetics

Microprocessor-controlled lower limb prosthetics are used for both below-knee and above-knee amputations. These devices feature advanced control systems for the knee, ankle, and foot, allowing for smooth transitions during walking, standing, or running. For example, the knee joint may lock during walking but unlock when sitting or standing still. These systems provide individuals with enhanced stability and a more natural gait, even on uneven terrain or slopes.

Below Knee

Microprocessor-controlled below-knee prosthetics adjust the foot and ankle position for different walking conditions. These devices may automatically adapt to surface changes, such as grass, gravel, or stairs, so they’re ideal for those who have a more active lifestyle.

Above Knee

For above-knee amputations, microprocessor-controlled prosthetics offer a comprehensive solution because they adjust the knee and foot in real time to ensure a smooth and stable gait. If you need to walk long distances, climb stairs, or participate in various physical activities, these devices are perfect.

Choosing the Right Prosthetic for You

You might feel overwhelmed by selecting the right prosthetic device as it depends on many factors. Some of these factors include the level of amputation, lifestyle, and personal preferences. This is why it’s so pivotal to work with your prosthetist to find the best option for your needs. Whether it’s finding the right fit, understanding which technology offers the most benefit, or selecting additional features, modern prosthetics are designed to enhance your independence and quality of life.

At PrimeCare, we specialize in providing personalized prosthetic care, helping individuals in Las Cruces, El Paso, and surrounding areas regain mobility, independence, and confidence. We proudly offer a full range of prosthetics and are passionate about treating patients as if they were our family. Contact us to schedule a consultation and discover how our advanced prosthetic solutions can enhance your quality of life.